Black Oar Studio · Engine Room 02
Tilt-and-Turn Window
A uPVC window, 1,230 × 1,480 mm, with tilt-and-turn hardware and triple glazing. The handle moves the espagnolette bar. The mushroom cams slide into or out of the keepers, and the sash turns or tilts. The model calculates U-values, surface temperatures and condensation live. Built by Jens Guenther, master glazier with over 20 years in his own business.
UW0.94W/(m²K)
4/12Ar/4/12Ar/4 · Handle locked
Drag to rotate · after a click, the mouse wheel zooms · click the handle to switch position
The 3D model needs WebGL, which is not available in this browser. The calculations on the right still run.
View
Glazing
Build-up
Gas fill (90%)
Spacer
Climate
Locked
No condensation- Ug glass
- –
- Uw window
- –
- Centre of glass, inside
- –
- Glass edge, inside
- –
- Room dew point
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- Heat flux, glass
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- Cams engaged
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- Sash weight
- –
- Temperature
- Room-air dew point
- selected gas fill
- other gases
Data sheet
What is built in
- Window
- uPVC, 1,230 × 1,480 mm, single sash, tilt-and-turn, hinged on the left (seen from inside)
- Profile
- Frame 80 mm deep, sash 76 mm, multi-chamber profile with steel reinforcement (shown simplified)
- Rebate gap
- 12 mm between sash and frame, where the hardware sits
- Hardware
- Gearbox at the handle, espagnolette bar with two corner drives, 4 locking mushroom cams, 1 tilt-bearing cam, corner hinge at the bottom, stay arm with stay-arm bearing at the top
- Handle positions
- 0° locked · 90° turn · 180° tilt, each with 12 mm of espagnolette bar travel
- Tilt gap
- 150 mm at the top, tilt angle 6.4°
- Glazing
- –
- Edge seal
- Spacer with desiccant, butyl as the primary seal, polysulphide as the secondary seal
- Areas
- –
- Frame Uf
- 1.1 W/(m²K), assumed for a good uPVC profile
- Glass weight
- 2.5 kg per m² and mm of glass thickness · sash profile and hardware about 10 kg (assumed)
Calculation
How the model calculates
- Ug, simplified after EN 673: 1/Ug = 0.04 + 0.13 + Σ d/λ + Σ 1/(hr + hg). Radiation hr = 4σ·(1/ε₁ + 1/ε₂ − 1)⁻¹·Tm³, gas hg = Nu·λ/s with Nu = 0.035·(Gr·Pr)^0.38, at least 1. Gas data at 10 °C, 90% fill, 15 K temperature difference across all cavities.
- Uw, simplified after EN ISO 10077-1: Uw = (Ag·Ug + Af·Uf + lg·ψ) / Aw with ψ = 0.08 W/(mK) for aluminium and 0.04 W/(mK) for the warm edge.
- Centre of glass, inside: θ = θi − 0.13·Ug·(θi − θe). Glass edge, inside, via a fixed temperature factor fRsi = 0.55 (aluminium) or 0.70 (warm edge). This is a rough simplification. The real edge value depends on profile, glazing rebate and installation.
- Dew point of the room air from the Magnus formula. If a surface temperature is below it, condensation forms there.
- The mechanics follow the logic of tilt-and-turn hardware. The sash can only move once no mushroom cam is left in a keeper. The handle can only be switched while the sash is closed (misoperation lock). Sizes and shapes of the hardware parts are simplified.
